SQL formatter

SQL (Structured Query Language) is a standard programming language specifically designed for managing and manipulating relational databases. It is used to query, insert, update, and delete data, as well as to manage database schema and control access to the database.

SQL commands can be broadly categorized into the following types:

• DDL (Data Definition Language): Commands like CREATE, ALTER, DROP, which define the structure of the database.
• DML (Data Manipulation Language): Commands like SELECT, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, which are used for data manipulation.
• DCL (Data Control Language): Commands like GRANT, REVOKE, which control access to the data.
• TCL (Transaction Control Language): Commands like COMMIT, ROLLBACK, which manage transactions in the database.

A primary key is a field in a table which uniquely identifies each row/record in that table. Primary keys must contain unique values, and cannot contain NULL values. A table can have only one primary key, which can consist of single or multiple columns (fields).

No. The playground runs SQLite in your browser. Imported databases and files remain in the current browser session unless you download or explicitly share a query URL.

You can load a SQLite database file or import CSV and TSV files. CSV and TSV files are converted into a local SQLite table so you can query them immediately.

The playground uses SQLite. Most common SQL statements such as SELECT, JOIN, GROUP BY, INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE, CREATE TABLE, indexes, and transactions work, but database-specific features from MySQL, PostgreSQL, and SQL Server may differ.

Use Share to create a URL containing the current query, or Save workspace to store a named local session in this browser. Download the database or export result data when you need a portable file.